There are supplements such as Multi-Vitamins or Fish oil are very popular worldwide.
There are many scientific literatures
published supporting its benefits in
human. Somehow, Krill or Krill
Oil being studied for its
role in the clinical setting by medical researchers.
What is krill?
Krill are tiny red crustaceans, lives in extreme cold Antarctic waters. They are very small animals, they can survive in cold environments because of krill have high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) , and membrane phospholipids (phosphatidylcoline). Animal and clinical studies [1], demonstrated an unsaturated fatty acid binding phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids such as those found in krill oil, is more easily absorbed and transmitted to the brain. Unlike other fish oil, krill oil contains a powerful antioxidant carotenoids, astaxanthin, which helps to prevent oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Preliminary studies indicate that krill oil may have a role in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and management of high cholesterol. There are researchers demonstrated that taking krill oil may have effects on variety of inflammatory disease.
Krill oil contains 40% of the cell membrane phospholipids, 30% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 1% astaxanthin, vitamin A, vitamin E and other various unsaturated fatty acid composition. Data suggests that phospholipid binding is easily absorbed by the body fish oil. Studies have shown that animal testing, including membrane phospholipid fatty acids in the brain easily absorbed than three fatty acid esters of glycerol bound up twice as much.
The health benefits of krill oil is based on the content of EPA and DHA. Preliminary research suggests that krill oil helps anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and other diseases. The funny thing is krill oil contains ataxanthin, which is also anti-inflammatory substances and antioxidant. Whether astaxanthin play an important role at the end in human use is unknown. Astaxanthin may have separate medicinal properties, due to its antioxidant coenzyme Q10 34 times higher than the ratio of three and 48 times higher fish oil esters [2]. Therefore, astaxanthin is one of the important ingredients. The printing of commercial krill oil products rarely stated the amount of astaxanthin, consumer should pay notice to this.
Hyperlipidemia
A 12-week, randomized, double-blind placebo clinical trial, tested Neptune Krill Oil (NKO), high amount of EPA and DHA fish oil and placebo for a test. Patients with moderate to high cholesterol (5-9 mmol per L) and Triglyceride (2.2-4 mmol per L). All the participants were divided into four groups, the maximum test period of at least six months. The first group received 2 or 3 grams per day of krill oil, depending on body type size. Take 1 or Group 2 1.5 g krill oil, taking up to 12 weeks increased by more than 90 days and every day to keep taking 500 mg of krill oil. Group 3 received 3 grams of fish oil triglyceride (milligrams per gram of fish oil DHA180 EPA and 120mg), the fourth group received a placebo. Participants check first for the base, including 30 and 90 days of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol tests, blood sugar and triglycerides. In 90 days, daily doses of 1 g krill oil, 1.5 g, 2 g or 3 g significantly reduced LDL approximately 30-40%. Reduce total cholesterol 13 to 18%. Triglycerides decreased 11-26%. 5-6% lower blood sugar, taking krill oil a day, compared to the average of the participants taking fish oil to reduce cholesterol by 5.9% of those taking the placebo group increased by 9.1% in this group of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by 13 %. Fish oil and placebo groups was no significant reduction in blood sugar and triglycerides [3].
The second group was given an additional 500 mg of krill oil group, 90 days after the inspection, indicators have improved significantly. Although the researchers concluded krill oil can reduce the concentration of a variety of lipids, but the goal of the test is only a short period of 12 weeks and the test is not supported reducing the rate of cardiovascular event.
Anti-Inflammatory effect
A randomized, double-blind study versus placebo tests indicated that daily doses of 300 mg of krill oil has the ability to reduce C-reactive protein (C Reactive Protein) and arthritis pain relief functions.
90 participants of cardiovascular diseases and / rheumatoid arthritis and / Osteoarthritis Index and their protein C-reactive or high or taking 300 mg of krill oil for up to 3 weeks. Krill oil group compared with placebo, the krill oil was significantly reduced pain and improve functional activities. The index is high C-reactive protein was reduced to 30% [4].
Premenstrual Syndrome
One study comparing krill oil and fish oil for Premenstrual Syndrome (SARS) for a period of 90 days. The purpose was to investigate whether taking these supplements to reduce premenstrual syndrome, taking the number of discomfort and pain medication. There are 70 participants of childbearing age to take 2 grams of krill oil or 2 grams of fish oil. Test results show significant improvement after taking krill oil group breast pain, joint pain, weight gain, abdominal pain, swelling, bloating, irritability, depression and other problems. Significant improvement in the fish oil group and weight gain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain and swelling and other issues. When the krill oil group compared with fish oil during menstruation group taking pain medication to reduce the dose by 50% krill oil group. The decrease in the fish oil group taking painkillers amounted to 30% [5]. Researchers reviewed these supplements reduce personnel taking painkillers to relieve menstrual pain or anti-inflammatory drugs.
Dosage and side effects
What is krill?
Krill are tiny red crustaceans, lives in extreme cold Antarctic waters. They are very small animals, they can survive in cold environments because of krill have high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) , and membrane phospholipids (phosphatidylcoline). Animal and clinical studies [1], demonstrated an unsaturated fatty acid binding phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids such as those found in krill oil, is more easily absorbed and transmitted to the brain. Unlike other fish oil, krill oil contains a powerful antioxidant carotenoids, astaxanthin, which helps to prevent oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Preliminary studies indicate that krill oil may have a role in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and management of high cholesterol. There are researchers demonstrated that taking krill oil may have effects on variety of inflammatory disease.
Krill oil contains 40% of the cell membrane phospholipids, 30% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 1% astaxanthin, vitamin A, vitamin E and other various unsaturated fatty acid composition. Data suggests that phospholipid binding is easily absorbed by the body fish oil. Studies have shown that animal testing, including membrane phospholipid fatty acids in the brain easily absorbed than three fatty acid esters of glycerol bound up twice as much.
The health benefits of krill oil is based on the content of EPA and DHA. Preliminary research suggests that krill oil helps anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and other diseases. The funny thing is krill oil contains ataxanthin, which is also anti-inflammatory substances and antioxidant. Whether astaxanthin play an important role at the end in human use is unknown. Astaxanthin may have separate medicinal properties, due to its antioxidant coenzyme Q10 34 times higher than the ratio of three and 48 times higher fish oil esters [2]. Therefore, astaxanthin is one of the important ingredients. The printing of commercial krill oil products rarely stated the amount of astaxanthin, consumer should pay notice to this.
Hyperlipidemia
A 12-week, randomized, double-blind placebo clinical trial, tested Neptune Krill Oil (NKO), high amount of EPA and DHA fish oil and placebo for a test. Patients with moderate to high cholesterol (5-9 mmol per L) and Triglyceride (2.2-4 mmol per L). All the participants were divided into four groups, the maximum test period of at least six months. The first group received 2 or 3 grams per day of krill oil, depending on body type size. Take 1 or Group 2 1.5 g krill oil, taking up to 12 weeks increased by more than 90 days and every day to keep taking 500 mg of krill oil. Group 3 received 3 grams of fish oil triglyceride (milligrams per gram of fish oil DHA180 EPA and 120mg), the fourth group received a placebo. Participants check first for the base, including 30 and 90 days of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol tests, blood sugar and triglycerides. In 90 days, daily doses of 1 g krill oil, 1.5 g, 2 g or 3 g significantly reduced LDL approximately 30-40%. Reduce total cholesterol 13 to 18%. Triglycerides decreased 11-26%. 5-6% lower blood sugar, taking krill oil a day, compared to the average of the participants taking fish oil to reduce cholesterol by 5.9% of those taking the placebo group increased by 9.1% in this group of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by 13 %. Fish oil and placebo groups was no significant reduction in blood sugar and triglycerides [3].
The second group was given an additional 500 mg of krill oil group, 90 days after the inspection, indicators have improved significantly. Although the researchers concluded krill oil can reduce the concentration of a variety of lipids, but the goal of the test is only a short period of 12 weeks and the test is not supported reducing the rate of cardiovascular event.
Anti-Inflammatory effect
A randomized, double-blind study versus placebo tests indicated that daily doses of 300 mg of krill oil has the ability to reduce C-reactive protein (C Reactive Protein) and arthritis pain relief functions.
90 participants of cardiovascular diseases and / rheumatoid arthritis and / Osteoarthritis Index and their protein C-reactive or high or taking 300 mg of krill oil for up to 3 weeks. Krill oil group compared with placebo, the krill oil was significantly reduced pain and improve functional activities. The index is high C-reactive protein was reduced to 30% [4].
Premenstrual Syndrome
One study comparing krill oil and fish oil for Premenstrual Syndrome (SARS) for a period of 90 days. The purpose was to investigate whether taking these supplements to reduce premenstrual syndrome, taking the number of discomfort and pain medication. There are 70 participants of childbearing age to take 2 grams of krill oil or 2 grams of fish oil. Test results show significant improvement after taking krill oil group breast pain, joint pain, weight gain, abdominal pain, swelling, bloating, irritability, depression and other problems. Significant improvement in the fish oil group and weight gain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain and swelling and other issues. When the krill oil group compared with fish oil during menstruation group taking pain medication to reduce the dose by 50% krill oil group. The decrease in the fish oil group taking painkillers amounted to 30% [5]. Researchers reviewed these supplements reduce personnel taking painkillers to relieve menstrual pain or anti-inflammatory drugs.
Dosage and side effects
There is no serious toxicity reported in Krill Oil other than diarrhoea,
bloating, stomach discomfort. The
average daily dose 300-1000
mg, depending on the clinical
indication. Krill oil itself contains astaxanthin, and its colour is dark red, so
in theory, each and krill oil
pills should be dark red and a little
shrimp smell.
Protecting of deep-sea animals
Health benefits of fish oil is quite well understood. The thought on whether the catching these Krill in Antarctic Ocean is having any impact on our food chain and the effects on marine ecosystem. Probably, scientists should cultivated krill, avoiding further damage on ecosystem.
Protecting of deep-sea animals
Health benefits of fish oil is quite well understood. The thought on whether the catching these Krill in Antarctic Ocean is having any impact on our food chain and the effects on marine ecosystem. Probably, scientists should cultivated krill, avoiding further damage on ecosystem.
[1] Goustard-Langelier B et al n-3 and n-6 fatty acid enrichment by dietar fish oil
and phospholipid sources in brain cortical areas and nonneural tissues of
formula-fed piglets.Lipids 1999;34:5-16
[2] Naguib
YM. Antioxidant activities of astaxanthin and related carotenoids. J Agric
Food Chem 2000;48:1150-1154
[3] Bunea
R, El Farrah K et al. Evaluation of the effect of Neptune Krill Oil on the
clinical course of hyperlipidemia. Altern Med Rev 2004:9: 420-428
[4]
Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effectof Neptune Krill Oil on chronic inflammation
and arthritic symptoms. J Am Coll Nutr 2007:26:39-48
[5]
Sampalis, F, Bune R et al Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the
management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Altern Med Rev
2003;8:171-179
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